Shoulder Pain

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Shoulder pain can often start suddenly and become very painful very quickly, making tasks such as driving, getting dressed, carrying shopping bags or sleeping a real nightmare! There are lots of causes of shoulder pain, and a thorough assessment should be carried out so that you can start doing what is best for your shoulder. This could be simply rest, exercises, physical therapy, or a mix of all.

For the most common causes of shoulder pain; rotator cuff injuries, bursitis, frozen shoulder, dislocations, a mix of physical therapy and the correct exercises helps most people to get their arm moving and working the way it should. Sometimes medications can aid the recovery, if we feel this will benefit you, we can make recommendations and write to your GP.


Shoulder pain can be caused by a variety of reasons and injuries. Read below for some common causes.

Yes, stress can cause shoulder pain. When you experience stress, your body responds by tensing up, and this tension can cause tightness and pain in your muscles, including those in your shoulders. Moreover, when you are stressed, your body releases stress hormones like cortisol and adrenaline, which can increase inflammation in your body, including your shoulders. This inflammation can lead to pain and discomfort in the shoulder.

It's important to note that while stress can contribute to shoulder pain, there may be other underlying factors that need to be considered, such as an injury or a medical condition. If you are experiencing persistent shoulder pain, it's best to consult with a healthcare professional to determine the cause and receive appropriate treatment.

Yes, sleeping in an awkward position can cause shoulder pain. When you sleep in an awkward position, it can cause strain on your shoulder muscles, tendons, and ligaments, leading to pain and discomfort.

If you are experiencing shoulder pain after sleeping, it's best to try to identify the cause and make some changes to your sleeping habits. If the pain persists or becomes severe, it's best to consult with a healthcare professional to determine the cause and receive appropriate treatment.

The signs of arthritis of the shoulder can vary from person to person, but some common symptoms include:

  • Pain: Pain in the shoulder joint is the most common symptom of arthritis. The pain may be dull, aching, or sharp and may worsen with activity or at night.
  • Stiffness: Stiffness in the shoulder joint, particularly in the morning or after periods of inactivity, is another common symptom of arthritis.
  • Limited range of motion: Arthritis can cause a decrease in the range of motion of the shoulder joint, making it difficult to move the arm or lift objects.
  • Swelling and inflammation: Arthritis can cause swelling and inflammation in the shoulder joint, which can make the joint feel warm and tender to the touch.
  • Grinding or popping sensation: Arthritis can cause a grinding or popping sensation in the shoulder joint, particularly when moving the arm.
  • Weakness: Arthritis can also cause weakness in the shoulder muscles, making it difficult to lift objects or perform certain movements.

If you are experiencing any of these symptoms, it's important to consult with a healthcare professional to determine if arthritis is the underlying cause and receive appropriate treatment.

Frozen shoulder, also known as adhesive capsulitis, is a condition in which the shoulder joint becomes stiff and painful. The exact cause of frozen shoulder is not well understood, but it often occurs after a period of immobility, such as after surgery, injury or illness.

The symptoms of frozen shoulder typically develop gradually and may include:

  • Pain and stiffness in the shoulder, particularly at night
  • Difficulty moving the shoulder, especially when trying to raise the arm
  • Decreased range of motion in the shoulder
  • Difficulty sleeping on the affected side

If you are experiencing these symptoms, it's important to consult with a healthcare professional for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment.

The rotator cuff is a group of muscles and tendons that surround the shoulder joint and help to keep the upper arm bone securely in the shoulder socket. A rotator cuff injury is a common cause of shoulder pain and weakness. The signs and symptoms of a rotator cuff injury may include:

  • Pain: The most common symptom of a rotator cuff injury is pain, which may be felt in the shoulder or upper arm. The pain may be a dull ache or a sharp, shooting pain, and may be worse when you move your arm. Often there is little or no pain when the arm is resting.
  • Weakness: You may experience weakness in the affected arm, particularly when lifting or rotating your arm.
  • Limited range of motion: You may find that you can't move your arm as freely as you normally would, particularly when reaching overhead or behind your back.
  • Cracking or popping sounds: You may hear cracking or popping sounds when moving your shoulder.
  • Difficulty sleeping: The pain from a rotator cuff injury can be particularly troublesome at night, making it difficult to get a good night's sleep.

If you are experiencing any of these symptoms, it is important to see a healthcare professional for an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment.

Yes, it is possible for neck problems to cause shoulder pain. The nerves that supply the shoulder also originate from the neck. Therefore, problems in the neck such as muscle strain, herniated discs, or pinched nerves can refer pain to the shoulder area.

For example, a pinched nerve in the neck may cause pain that radiates down the arm and into the shoulder. Similarly, a herniated disc in the neck can cause pain, weakness, or numbness that extends from the neck down to the shoulder and even into the arm.

Additionally, poor posture or tension in the neck and shoulder muscles can cause muscle strain and pain in the shoulder area.

If you're experiencing shoulder pain, it's important to consult with a healthcare professional to determine the underlying cause and receive appropriate treatment. They may perform a physical exam and imaging tests, such as an X-ray or MRI, to determine if the pain is originating from the neck or shoulder.

The best exercise for shoulder pain depends on the underlying cause of the pain. It is essential to consult with a healthcare professional or a physical therapist to diagnose the root cause of your shoulder pain and to recommend appropriate exercises.

However, some general exercises that can help relieve shoulder pain include:

  • Pendulum stretch: Stand with one hand resting on a table or chair, and swing the other arm in a circular motion to help loosen the shoulder joint.
  • Shoulder blade squeeze: Sit or stand with your arms at your sides, and gently squeeze your shoulder blades together, holding the squeeze for a few seconds before releasing.
  • Doorway stretch: Stand in a doorway and place one arm on the doorframe with the elbow bent at a 90-degree angle. Slowly lean forward to stretch the front of the shoulder.
  • Wall push-ups: Stand facing a wall with your hands on the wall at shoulder height. Slowly lower your body towards the wall, then push back up to the starting position.

Again, it's important to seek professional medical advice before attempting any exercise to treat your shoulder pain. If the above exercises aggravate the pain, then they may not be appropriate for you.

Yes, massage can be helpful in relieving shoulder pain. A skilled Osteopath or Physiotherapist can target the specific muscles and soft tissues that are causing the pain and tension in your shoulder area. Massage therapy can improve circulation, increase range of motion, and help to reduce inflammation and pain in the shoulder area.

There are different types of massage techniques that can be used for shoulder pain, such as Swedish massage, deep tissue massage, trigger point therapy, and myofascial release. However, it is important to consult with a healthcare professional to determine if massage is a safe and appropriate treatment option for your particular condition.

Sleeping with shoulder pain can be challenging and may cause discomfort, but there are a few strategies you can try to alleviate the pain and help you sleep better:

  • Sleep on your back: Sleeping on your back with a pillow under your neck and a rolled-up towel or small pillow under your shoulder can help keep your shoulder in a neutral position and reduce pain.
  • Avoid sleeping on the affected side: Sleeping on the affected shoulder can aggravate the pain and prolong the healing process.
  • Use a body pillow: Hugging a body pillow or placing one under the armpit of the affected shoulder can reduce shoulder pain.
  • Apply heat or ice before bed: Applying heat or ice to your shoulder before bed can help relax the muscles and reduce pain.
  • Take pain medication if necessary: Over-the-counter pain medication, such as ibuprofen or paracetamol, can help alleviate shoulder pain and help you sleep better.

If your shoulder pain persists or is severe, it's important to seek medical advice from a healthcare professional to determine the underlying cause of the pain and the best course of treatment.

Both hot and cold therapy can be helpful in reducing shoulder pain, but which would be better for you?

There is lots of conflicting information on this question, the goal for using either is to manipulate blood flow to the effected area or injury. The end result for both is increased blood flow to the region, relaxing the muscles and helping to reduce local inflammation. We recommend using either, but best is to use the one which you prefer! If you feel a hot pack will sooth the shoulder more than the cold, then apply heat. If a cold pack will ease the pain more for you, use cold. Each person will have their own preference, stick with yours!

Apply hot or cold packs for 15 to 20 minutes at a time, several times a day if you wish. You can also alternate between the two. Apply the pack at different locations, from upper arm, upper shoulder, neck, the arm pit, and see where you feel the most relief.

Whether or not you can exercise with a painful shoulder depends on the cause and severity of the pain. In general, it is best to avoid exercises that aggravate the pain and may further injure the shoulder.

However, there may be certain exercises that can be performed safely and effectively with a painful shoulder, depending on the underlying condition. For example, gentle stretching exercises, such as pendulum stretches, or range of motion exercises may be recommended to help improve mobility and reduce stiffness in the shoulder.

Osteopaths and Physiotherapists are experts in musculoskeletal conditions, and will be able to provide you with the best exercises for your condition. They may recommend modifications to your exercise routine or prescribe specific exercises that can help relieve your pain and improve shoulder function.

If the pain persists or worsens during exercise, it's important to stop immediately and seek medical advice. Exercising with a painful shoulder should always be done under the guidance of a healthcare professional.

Shoulder pain can sometimes be a symptom of a heart-related condition, such as a heart attack. However, it's important to note that most shoulder pain is not heart-related. There are usually other symptoms present that can help differentiate heart-related pain from other types of shoulder pain.

Here are some signs and symptoms that may indicate that your shoulder pain is heart-related:

  • Pain in the left shoulder: Pain in the left shoulder, particularly if it is sudden and severe, can be a symptom of a heart attack.
  • Chest pain or discomfort: Chest pain or discomfort, particularly if it is accompanied by pressure, squeezing, or fullness, can be a sign of a heart attack.
  • Shortness of breath: If you experience sudden shortness of breath or difficulty breathing, it may indicate a heart attack.
  • Sweating: If you experience sudden sweating or cold and clammy skin, it may indicate a heart attack.
  • Nausea or vomiting: If you experience nausea or vomiting, particularly if it is accompanied by chest pain or discomfort, it may indicate a heart attack.

If you experience any of these symptoms, particularly if they are sudden and severe, it's important to seek immediate medical attention by calling emergency services or going to the nearest emergency room.

Shoulder weakness can be caused by a variety of factors, including:

  • Rotator cuff injuries: The rotator cuff is a group of muscles and tendons that surround the shoulder joint. Injuries to the rotator cuff, such as tears or strains, can cause weakness in the shoulder.
  • Impingement syndrome: Impingement syndrome occurs when the rotator cuff tendons become compressed or pinched between the bones in the shoulder. This can cause pain and weakness in the shoulder.
  • Frozen shoulder: Frozen shoulder, also known as adhesive capsulitis, is a condition in which the shoulder joint becomes stiff and painful, leading to weakness in the shoulder.
  • Bursitis: Bursitis is inflammation of the bursa, which is a small fluid-filled sac that cushions the joint. When the bursa in the shoulder becomes inflamed, it can cause weakness and pain in the shoulder.
  • Arthritis: Arthritis is a condition in which the joint becomes inflamed, leading to pain and weakness in the shoulder.
  • Neurological conditions: Neurological conditions such as a pinched nerve or a stroke can cause weakness in the shoulder.
  • Overuse injuries: Overuse injuries, such as repetitive strain injuries, can cause weakness in the shoulder muscles.

It's important to consult with a healthcare professional if you are experiencing shoulder weakness to determine the underlying cause and receive appropriate treatment.